What is known as Fundamental Rights And Duties?

Fundamental rights and duties are set by the Constitution of India to provide all citizens the basic human right and make them oblige to moral duties, so all people can live in unity.

When did
Fundamental Rights And Duties came to existence?

The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26^th November 1949 and came into force on 26^th January 1950. The Fundamental Rights of Indian Citizen were included in the Constitution of India right from the drafting of the constitution. However, the Fundamental Duties of Indian Citizen were added/ inserted only after 27 years in the year 1976.

Fundamental Rights

The Fundamental rights are a group of rights that are defined as the basic human rights for all citizens of India irrespective of place of birth, race, religion, caste, creed, or gender.

There are 6 fundamental human rights that are protected under the charter of rights contained in Part III (Article 12 to 35) of the Constitution of India.

1. Right to equality
2. Right to freedom
3. Right against exploitation
4. Right to freedom of religion
5. Cultural and Educational Right
6. Right to constitutional remedies

Fundamental Duties

The Fundamental Duties are defined as the moral principles set to cherish and follow by all citizens to uphold unity in the country.

Originally 10 Fundamental Duties were given vide the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India, under Article 51 A, in the year 1976.

1. Abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
2. Cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
3. Uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
4. Defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. Promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6. Value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7. Protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
8. Develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. Safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
10. Strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.

Amendment of Fundamental Duties

In the year 2002 vide the 86^th Amendment the following was added as the 11^th Duty of the Indian Citizen.

11. Every Indian Parent or Guardian must ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of 6 and 14 years.